TOPS grade 11 and 12 chemistry combines in-class and online learning in an effective manner.
In grade 11, students are introduced to concepts such as stoichiometry, moles, limiting reagents and atomic mass. These concepts are used to quantify, observe and analyze chemical reactions. Students learn how to grow crystals of copper (II) sulfate from an originally aqueous form, and use it to enhance their understanding of solutions and solubility. Labs are conducted weekly to provide experiential opportunities to support the concepts learned in class.
In grade 12, students are introduced to properties of matter, followed by studies in energy in chemical reactions by analyzing heat, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. Then, the course shifts focus to rates of reaction. Students engage with their learning material through lab work, using colorimeters and thermometers to assess changes in reaction rate and energy, respectively.
Students then further their chemistry studies by moving into chemical equilibrium, first with standard reactions and then with acids and bases. This is followed by lessons in electrochemistry, and finally organic chemistry. At many points throughout the course, students are reminded of the significance of their learning to real world applications; for example, when studying chemical equilibrium, students learn how pressure and temperature is used to maximize industrial yields. Similarly, electrochemistry and organic chemistry both play a role in human health. The course culminates with a summative assignment followed by an exam at the end of the year.